1536: Peking and Beijing Feb 26, 2019
For various reasons throughout history many cities and even countries change their names. Sometimes this is for colonial reasons, as was the case recently with the switch from 'Swaziland' to 'Eswatini' or 'Rhodesia' to 'Zimbabwe', and at other times it is just to reflect demographics or other things like with 'Burma' to 'Myanmar', which wanted to reflect that not all of its citizens were ethnically Burmese. However, when people started calling 'Peking' 'Beijing', this was not for some colonial issue, but just that both were attempts to transliterate the name of the Chinese capital. The only curious part is that many Chinese officials are upset when English speakers say 'Peking', but when Germans, French, or the Spanish say 'Peking' or 'Pekín, or 'Pékin' respectively, this doesn't seem to be an issue.
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